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admin
02-03-2006, 12:46 PM
May 01
Saint Augustine SCHOEFFLER ĐÔNG
Priest of the Paris Society of Foreign Missions
(1822-1851)

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The Call to Promote the Good News

To Saint Augustine Đông, the mission of promoting the Good News was the noblest apostolic mission, especially in the remote evangelizing fields. That was also a dream of the saint before he joined the Paris Society of Foreign Missions; over family objections, the saint had preferred to follow God’s will to parental wishes. And when he left France’s soil, he said:

“I don’t know what will happen to me, but the worst thing that could happen is being given a saber cut... but I believe that a sinner like me will not be given that great honor.”

Augustine Schoeffler Đông was born on 11/22/1822 in Mittelbronn, in the province of Lorrain, France. At an early age, he had shown piety, diligence, constant praying, and a desire for the religious life. His pastor sponsored and sent him to the seminary in Nancy where his manner, obedience, camaraderie, and intelligence endeared him to everyone. After philosophy and the first year of theology, Augustine Schoeffler felt God’s call to missionary work, so he asked for his parents’ permission to transfer to the Society of Foreign Missions of Paris.


At the time, news coming from the missionary effort in the Far East was not very encouraging. Doing missionary work there meant certain death. Therefore, his parents tried their best to counsel against his going. They used strong words to censure his disobedience, Schoeffler agonized over his decision, but based on God’s words: “Whoever loves father or mother more than me is not worthy of me,” (Matthew 10:37) Schoeffler decided to join the Society of Foreign Missions of Paris over his parents’ objection. He wrote to a friend: “Alas! Following God is so hard; there are so many obstacles.” The friend advised: “Preaching is serious work, doing it on one’s own without God’s call might put one in danger of losing your soul.” He replied: “Please don’t forget the Gospel: Whether it is right in the sight of God for us to obey you rather than God.” (Acts 4: 19)

Not Incriminating Others

Joining the Foreign Missions on 10/9/1846, on 5/29/1847 Schoeffler was ordained into the priesthood. Soon afterward, he was sent to the west vicariate of Tonkin where Bishop Retord Liêu welcomed him with open arms and kept him at the chancery to learn Vietnamese language and customs, then allowed him to go along on pastoral visits to learn about the diocese. He was assigned to Đoài parish. At his new post, Fr. Schoeffler Đông enthusiastically carried out his pastoral duties and evangelization missions converting many pagans into Catholics. When King Tự Đức declared the edict of persecution of 1848, he said: “This time someone among us will executed, hopefully that person is I.” But he continued to work in safety for three more years.

On 3/1/1851 as Fr. Schoeffler Đông was walking through the forest to go to Bản Mộ to lead a retreat after preaching Easter retreat at Bầu Nọ parish, he was arrested. At the time, the rebellion led by Hoàng Bảo (King Thiệu Trị’s eldest son) had just failed, so soldiers were pursuing the remnants of the rebellion. Bầu Nọ parishioners knew of the presence of soldiers in the area, but wrongly assuming that soldiers only patrolled at night, so they sent Fr. Schoeffler Đông on his way during the day. Unfortunately, a parishioner hungry for money denounced him to the authority. They lied in wait and arrested him in the forest together with a Vietnamese priest and two altar boys.

The local security mandarin announced that he did not want to bring the missionary in, and gave a ransom price of 1 gold coin and 100 piasters, but Fr. Schoeffler Đông said that he did not have the money. A moment later, it dawned on him that even with money, the soldiers would still hand him over their superiors, so the priest said: “Because you adamantly demand money, release these persons because only they know where the money is.” Taking the bait, the mandarin freed the Vietnamese priest and the two altar boys. After the freed men had been at a safe distance, Fr. Schoeffler Đông told the soldiers his true intention of desiring to be arrested alone.

Enraged, the mandarin had him escorted to Sơn Tây city. During the trip, he met a Christian to whom he confided: “Go back and tell everyone not to worry about anything, no matter what I will not mention any name.” Arrived in the city, the mandarins questioned about his birthplace, name, time in Vietnam, places of residence, knowledge of the king’s persecution, he replied:

“My name is Augustine; I came from France; I am 29 years old this year; I came here to only preach Christianity. I had known of the harsh persecution of Christianity in Vietnam, but I am not afraid of execution. About places where I had lived, I will not tell, don’t even ask.”

On March 5, summoned to court, Fr. Schoeffler Đông kept to his usual testimony and resolutely refused to step on the cross, so the mandarins sent a petition to the royal capital: “Ao-du-Tinh (Augustine phonetically) is an European who disregarding the law came here to preach and to lure the people. Based on the king’s edict, he is condemned to death be beheading with his head thrown into the river. I had questioned about those who harbored him, but he did not tell. The village chief and those who helped in this arrest will be rewarded 30 piasters as legally required. Individually the security mandarin will be rewarded a little more.” Nevertheless not until April did the king approved the death sentence.

Fr. Schoeffler Đông was kept under tight watch during his month in jail. A catechist disguised as a prison guard came near his cell, but could not say a word. When he saw the priest, he was so stricken to tear that he had to leave for fear of blowing his cover. A Christian, who knew the prison warden, brought in some banana; unfortunately the action was caught by the city magistrate who immediately dismissed the warden. However, even under strict guard, Fr. Phượng dressing as a foot traveling salesperson was able to get in to give him absolution.

On April 11, the sentence arrived in Sơn Tây: “I had reviewed the court papers of the European priest in Sơn Tây. The law had banned Christianity, but Ao-du-Tinh (Augustine) still dared to enter our country to preach and to lie to the people. I order death by beheading, floating his head in the river to scare others.” The sentence set the execution date on May 1, the first day of May Crowning. Fr. Schoeffler Đông hearing the news knelt in happiness to thank God and the Blessed Mother who had arranged for his martyrdom to on the first day of May Crowning.

The Day of Glory

The execution was carried out like a festival. Fr. Schoeffler Đông walked in the middle, accompanied by on both sides by 8 soldiers with shining sabers; leading them were two mandarins on elephants and two columns of 50 soldiers each, a column carrying guns, the other lances. Then a command was given, the two columns of soldiers stopped and arranged into honor guards with guns and lances pointing upward. The witness, his head held high above a cangue around his neck while his two hands held on to the chains tied around his ankles, walked in the middle of the procession, smiling happily as if in a victory parade; he at times closed his eyes in prayer. Bishop Retord Liêu later had to exclaim: “How beautiful was the death of the martyr!” Almost all those who were present at the execution were overwhelmed and inspired.

At the execution site of Năm Mẫu, Fr. Schoeffler Đông knelt and prayed for a short moment, held the cross worn around his neck up and respectfully kissed it three times, took of the habit, then extended his head and told the executioner: “Do your job quickly.” Overhearing the request, the mandarin intervened. After three swings, the head was still attached, the executioner had to slice it off. The head was thrown into the river and lost; the remains were buried at the execution site then exhumed and brought to Bách Lộc parish for burial.

Pope Leo XIII elevated Fr. Augustine Schoeffler Đông to the rank of blessed on 5/27/1900.

Hoàng Tôn Thất

admin
02-03-2006, 12:49 PM
Saint John Louis BONARD HƯƠNG
Priest of the Society of Foreign Missions of Paris
(1824-1852)

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* Country and Aloeswood Incense

The live of Saint Louis Hương and especially his martyrdom were tightly interwoven with the adopted name that was given by Bishop Retord Liêu when the saint just set on Vietnam. We could see the idea behind the name through the letter the bishop sent to the saint while the saint was in jail:

“I had blessed you when I gave you the beautiful name “Cố Hương” which means father of the country, which also means the aloes wood incense as well as perfume (Cố is father, Hương means both country or perfume). Right at this moment, that beloved country is appearing to you in a magnificent light, because you will soon be one of the happy citizens. Right at this moment, the aloes wood incense is being burned on the altar of martyrdom and will rise to the throne of the Eternal One. Right at the moment, the praiseworthy perfume will please Jesus like Magdalene’s bottle of perfume and will enchant angels and men, earth and heaven for its fragrance...”[1] (http://www.gpnt.net/diendan/newthread.php?do=newthread&f=14#_ftn1)

Throughout his life, Saint John Louis Bonard Hương had preached about the heavenly country, had been burned in misery and radiated fragrance for generations to come.

John Louis Bonard Hương was born on 3/1/1824 in St. Christos-en-Farret, in the diocese of Lyon, France. When he was 12, his parents arranged for him to enter the minor seminary in Alixe. Although he was not noted for his school works, he was admired for his gentleness and piety. During this time, he heard news and accounts of missionary works in the Far East, and he also wanted to preach in Vietnam. On 11/4/1846 John Louis Bonard joined the Paris Society of Foreign Missions, completed theology studies and was ordained a priest on 12/24/1848. In early 1849 Fr. Bonard went to Vietnam.

When he arrived in Singapore, the superiors decided to sent him to Laos, however land roads were not passable, he had to go to Hong Kong in search for other means. Finally, his superiors assigned him to the west vicariate of Tonkin where Bishop Retort Liêu greeted, gave him the Vietnamese name Hương, and assisted his learning of Vietnamese and customs.

* Fruits of Heaven

He was assigned to Kẻ Trình and Kẻ Báng parishes. In Easter of 1852, Fr. Bonard invited 5 Vietnamese priests to the parishes to help with the Easter retreat. After the retreat, Bối Xuyên parishioners invited Fr. Bonard Hương to their parish. At the time, because of King Tự Đức’s edict of persecution, he accepted their invitation with much trepidation. On 3/21/1852 in Bối Xuyên, after Mass and baptizing a number of children, soldiers came to the village from the information supplied by a demoted mandarin who wanted to regain honor. Fr. Bonard Hương hurriedly removed the vestments and waded across a wheat field, but he was slowed by the waist-deep water in the field and was captured. On the way to the seat of government of the district, he told the hasty soldiers: “Whoever is in a hurry can go ahead; I am not in a hurry, so I will take my time.”

Informed of Fr. Bonard Hương’s arrest, Bishop Retort Liêu tried to buy his freedom, but the district magistrate refused. The bishop then sent a letter to Fr. Bonard Hương:

“Naturally, I am very saddened by your arrest. I agonize over losing you at a time when you can assume greater responsibilities for the missionary field. It is clear that you are blessed as a beloved son of the suffered Christ; if I did not think so, I would chastise you. Why did you leave Kẻ Báng, a place where you were able to provide more effective, for a cul-de-sac like Bối Xuyên?

In Kẻ Báng, you had innumerable harvests. Here, sheaves of rice are ripe, bountiful, and heavy with robust grains. Here you had distilled for God the Father plenty of wine of virtues... Ok, I gladly forgive you because that is God’s will. In his eyes, you are the ripe fruit of heaven that He is about to pick...”[2] (http://www.gpnt.net/diendan/newthread.php?do=newthread&f=14#_ftn2)

* How Sweet: Sufferings For Christ

The district magistrate only kept him overnight, then in the morning sent him on to the provincial capital of Nam Định. In over a month of incarceration, he was interrogated four times. As in previous interrogations of missionaries, the governor questioned his personal information and the reasons for his presence in Vietnam. Many times mandarins wanted to know his residences and places he had visited and threatened tortures if he kept quiet. Fr. Bonard Hương replied: “Beat me if you want, you will find a word damaging to Christians. I came here to serve until I die. You are mistaken if you think that I will reveal something even very slight.” When the mandarins told him to trample on the cross or to face execution, he responded: “I have said that I neither fear torture nor death, I am willing to suffer all... I do not come here to reject my faith or to set poor example for Christians.”

Fr. Bonard Hương confided in a letter:


“Generally, in all interrogations, I actually experienced the effect of Christ’s words: “do not worry about how you are to speak or what you are to say. You will be given at that moment what you are to say. For it will not be you who speak but the Spirit of your Father speaking through you.” (Matthew 10:20). Matter of fact, I did not feel bewildered or afraid at all, and I never spoke Vietnamese so fluently and easily.”

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[1] (http://www.gpnt.net/diendan/newthread.php?do=newthread&f=14#_ftnref1) Launay III pp. 274-275.

[2] (http://www.gpnt.net/diendan/newthread.php?do=newthread&f=14#_ftnref2) Launay III pp. 270-271.

admin
02-03-2006, 12:50 PM
On Good Friday that year, Bishop Retort Liêu managed to get Fr. Lê Bảo Tịnh to prison to give Fr. Bonard Hương communion. Fr. Bonard Hương confided: “I have never been so happy for a long time when I carry inside my body the king of angels. In fact, we have to be in prison and carry a cangue to know how sweet it is to suffer for Christ whom we always love. Friends, you think that my cangue is heavy? Not really, on the contrary I am very happy because I know that Christ’s cangue and shackles were much heavier. I am happy to be able to say like Saint Paul: “The prison of Christ.”

Fr. Bonard Hương also wrote consolations to his parents: “Don’t be saddened by the information of my arrest and blood spilled for Christ. If you love me, be happy for the honor that I am receiving... There will come a day when we reunite in Heaven, and we will no longer have to worry about separation.”

Unable to force him to reject his faith, the mandarins sent a petition to the royal capital: “We had many interrogations but he revealed nothing. It is unnecessary to prolong the trial. This is an European idiot and a criminal who should be executed...”

Informed of the verdict, Bishop Retort Liêu wrote Fr. Bonard Hương:

“Please be at peace.... I will take special care of your fellow inmates and your parishioners. I will be their good father... You asked for my blessing, but I had blessed you the day you first arrived, and that blessing still remains with you until now. True, I had blessed you when I gave you the name “CỐ HƯƠNG”... May the strength of our Father help you in the fighting ring where you are about to enter. May the deed of the Son consol you on the Mount of Calvary where you are going. And may the love of the Holy Spirit warm you in prison where you will depart to receive the palm of martyrdom.”

* In Your hands, God

Following is the witness’s will:

“The solemn hour has sounded. Farewell, goodbye to all who have loved and remembered me. We’ll meet in Heaven... Trusting in Jesus’ benevolence, I believe that He will forgive all my sins. I voluntarily offer my blood and life for loving Him and for all the beloved souls that I want to serve with all my heart. Tomorrow, Saturday the 5th of January, the Feast day of Ss. Philip and Jacob the disciples, and the first anniversary in Heaven of Fr. Dong will be the day of my sacrifice. Let God’s will be done. I am ready to die. Praise to God. Goodbye to all in the Sacred Heart of Jesus and Mary. In Your hands, my God, I entrust my soul. The prisoner of Christ.”

The morning of May 1, 1852, Fr. Bonard Hương received the last communion, then followed soldiers to the execution field in Bảy Mẫu which was 7 miles to the South. At the execution field, he knelt on a sedge mat and prayed. He had to wait for an hour because soldiers had to go back to retrieve tools to remove the cangue and shackles. They then tied the witness to a stake. Then at commanding sound of the gong, the executioner severed his head. Spectators swarmed in to touch the blood, but soldiers used whips to drive them out. Soldiers then removed the habit, the undershirt, and trousers, then cut them into small pieces to sell to Christians. The head and body were brought down to a boat and dropped in the river where Bishop Retort Liêu had arranged for a boat to be present nearby to collect the remains and to bring back to Vĩnh Trị. That night, the bishop and a few priests quietly celebrated Mass and buried the martyr at the seminary.

On May 27, 1900 Pope Leo XIII elevated Fr. John Louis Bonard Hương to the rank of blessed.


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